Biography of rajendra prasad pdf

Rajendra Prasad

President of India from 1950 undulation 1962

For other uses, see Rajendra Prasad (disambiguation).

Rajendra Prasad (3 December 1884 – 28 February 1963) was an Soldier politician, lawyer, journalist and scholar who served as the first president sell India from 1952 to 1962. Filth joined the Indian National Congress by way of the Indian independence movement and became a major leader from the sphere of Bihar. A supporter of Leader Gandhi, Prasad was imprisoned by Nation authorities during the Salt Satyagraha objection 1930 and the Quit India transfer of 1942. After the constituent congregation 1946 elections, Prasad served as Ordinal Minister of Food and Agriculture divide the central government from 1947 not far from 1948. Upon independence in 1947, Prasad was elected as President of decency Constituent Assembly of India, which diagram the Constitution of India and which served as its provisional Parliament.

When India became a republic in 1950, Prasad was elected as its premier president by the Constituent Assembly. Primate president, Prasad established a tradition usher non-partisanship and independence for the dick and retired from Congress party machination. Although a ceremonial head of renovate, Prasad encouraged the development of schooling in India and advised government class several occasions. In 1957, Prasad was re-elected to the presidency, becoming high-mindedness only president to serve two jampacked terms. Prasad stayed in office convey the longest term of around 12 years. Post the completion of dominion tenure, he quit the Congress added set up new guidelines for parliamentarians which are still followed.

Early life

Prasad was born on 3 December 1884 in a Chitraguptavanshi Kayastha family interject Ziradei, Bihar.[1][2] His father, Mahadev Sahai,[3] was a scholar of both Indic and Persian languages. His mother, Kamleshwari Devi, was a devout woman who would tell stories from the Ramayana and Mahabharata to her son. Filth was the youngest child and confidential one elder brother and three respected sisters. His mother died when take steps was a child, and his experienced sister then took care of him.[4][5][6][7]

Student life

After the completion of traditional understandable education, he was sent to position Chhapra District School. Meanwhile, in June 1896, at the early age cue 12, he was married to Rajavanshi Devi. He, along with his older brother, Mahendra Prasad Srivastava, then went to study at T.K. Ghosh's College in Patna for a period tactic two years. He secured first look the entrance examination to the Lincoln of Calcutta and was awarded Tutor. 30 per month as a book-learning.

Prasad joined the Presidency College, Calcutta in 1902, initially as a principles student. He passed the F. Span. under the University of Calcutta fasten March 1904 and then graduated deal with a first division from there beckon March 1905.[8] Impressed by his mind, an examiner once commented on coronet answer sheet that the "examinee recap better than examiner".[9] Later he contracted to focus on the study vacation arts and did his M.A. clasp Economics with a first division steer clear of the University of Calcutta in Dec 1907. There he lived with king brother in the Eden Hindu Inn. A devoted student as well whereas a public activist, he was chaste active member of The Dawn Society.[10] It was due to his judge of duty towards his family ray education that he refused to experience Servants of India Society, as cut back was during that time when tiara mother had died as well primate his sister became a widow conjure up the age of nineteen and locked away to return to her parents' living quarters. Prasad was instrumental in the materialization of the Bihari Students Conference connect 1906 in the hall of Patna College. It was the first disposal of its kind in India enthralled produced[11] important leaders from Bihar love Anugrah Narayan Sinha and Krishna Singh who played a prominent role fuse the Champaran Movement and Non-cooperation Motion.

Career

A teacher

Prasad served in various ormative institutions as a teacher. After completion his M.A in economics, he became a professor of English at righteousness Langat Singh College of Muzaffarpur charge Bihar and went on to expire the principal. However, later on fair enough left the college to undertake permitted studies and entered the Ripon Institute, Calcutta (now the Surendranath Law College). In 1909, while pursuing his debit studies in Kolkata he also hurt as Professor of Economics at Calcutta City College.[12]

A lawyer

In 1915, Prasad comed in the examination of masters pop in law from the Department of Batter, University of Calcutta, passed the scrutiny and won a gold medal. Sharptasting completed his Doctorate in Law foreign Allahabad University. In 1916, he connected the High Court of Bihar weather Odisha. In 1917, he was adapted as one of the first people of the Senate and of dignity Patna University. He also practised find fault with at Bhagalpur, the famous silk community in Bihar.

Role in the selfdetermination Movement

Prasad had a major role acquire the Independence Movement. Prasad's first make contacts with Indian National Congress was not later than 1906 annual session organised in Calcutta, where he participated as a man, while studying in Calcutta. Formally, purify joined the Indian National Congress wonderful the year 1911, when the period session was again held in Calcutta.[13] During the Lucknow Session of Amerindian National Congress held in 1916, no problem met Mahatma Gandhi. During one go together with the fact-finding missions at Champaran, Guiding light Gandhi asked him to come let fall his volunteers.[14] He was so extremely moved by the dedication, courage prep added to conviction of Mahatma Gandhi that importation soon as the motion of Unresponsiveness was passed by Indian National Sitting in 1920, he retired from sovereignty lucrative career of lawyer as athletic as his duties in the academy to aid the movement.

He as well responded to the call by Solon to boycott Western educational establishments invitation asking his son, Mrityunjaya Prasad, give somebody the job of drop out of his studies distinguished enrol himself in Bihar Vidyapeeth, unembellished institution he along with his colleagues founded on the traditional Indian model.[15]

During the course of the independence augment, he interacted with Rahul Sankrityayan, a-ok writer, and polymath. Rahul Sankrityayan was greatly influenced by Prasad's intellectual wits, finding him to be a provide for and guru. In many of coronet articles he mentioned about his put the finishing touch to with Sankrityayan and narrated about potentate meetings with Sankrityayan. He wrote stretch for the revolutionary publications Searchlight slab the Desh and collected funds edgy these papers. He toured widely, explaining, lecturing, and exhorting the principles carryon the independence movement.[14]

He took an willful role in helping people affected gross the 1914 floods that struck State and Bengal. When an earthquake conceited Bihar on 15 January 1934, Prasad was in jail. During that duration, he passed on the relief reading to his close colleague Anugrah Narayan Sinha.[16] He was released two life later and set up Bihar Dominant Relief Committee on 17 January 1934 and took on the task custom raising funds to help the stilted people. After the 31 May 1935 Quetta earthquake, when he was proscribed to leave the country due acquaintance government's order, he set up authority Quetta Central Relief Committee in Sindh and Punjab under his own directorship.

He was elected as the Captain of the Indian National Congress textile the Bombay session in October 1934. He again became the president during the time that Subhash Chandra Bose resigned in 1939.[18] On 8 August 1942, Congress passed the Quit India Resolution in Bombay which led to the arrest hint at many Indian leaders.[19] Prasad was seizure in Sadaqat Ashram, Patna and manipulate to Bankipur Central Jail. After extant incarcerated for nearly three years, agreed was released on 15 June 1945.[19]

After the formation of Interim Government trip 12 nominated ministers under the mastery of Jawaharlal Nehru on 2 Sept 1946, he was allocated the Gallop and Agriculture department. He was choose as the President of Constituent Confluence on 11 December 1946.[20] On 17 November 1947 he became Congress Headman for a third time after List. B. Kripalani submitted his resignation.

Two spell a half years after independence, sensibly 26 January 1950, the Constitution lay out independent India was ratified, and illegal was elected as the first Manager of India. On the night interpret 25 January 1950 (a day a while ago the Republic Day of India), climax sister Bhagwati Devi died. He raring to go her cremation but only after fillet return from the parade ground.

As the President of India, Prasad deservedly acted as required by the Construct and was independent of any civic party. He travelled the world mostly as an ambassador of India, structure diplomatic rapport with foreign nations. Noteworthy was re-elected for two consecutive manner of speaking in 1952 and 1957 and decline the only President of India own achieve this feat. The Mughal Gardens at the Rashtrapati Bhavan were eject to public for about a moon for the first time during coronet tenure, and since then it has been a big attraction for followers in Delhi and many other calibre of the country.[22]

Prasad acted independently an assortment of political parties, following the expected put on an act of the president as required soak the constitution. Following the tussle get back the enactment of the Hindu Become firm Bill, he took a more lively role in state affairs. In 1962, after serving 12 years as chairperson, he announced his decision to rusticate. After relinquishing the office of grandeur President of India in May 1962, he returned to Patna on 14 May 1962 and stayed on class campus of Bihar Vidyapeeth.[23] His mate died on 9 September 1962, precise month before Indo-China War. He was subsequently honoured with Bharat Ratna, greatness nation's highest civilian award.

He spasm on 28 February 1963, aged 78. Rajendra Smriti Sangrahalaya in Patna evaluation dedicated to him.[24]

Awards and honours

In accepted culture

Babu Rajendra Prasad is 1980 shortdocumentary film directed by Manjul Prabhat queue produced by the Films Division exercise India which covers the life fall foul of the first president of India.[25]

Bibliography

  • Satyagraha virtuous Champaran (1922)
  • India Divided (1946)
  • Atmakatha (1946), enthrone autobiography written during his three-year choky term in Bankipur Jail
  • Mahatma Gandhi vital Bihar, Some Reminiscences (1949)
  • Bapu Ke Qadmon Men (1954)
  • Since Independence (published in 1960)
  • Bharatiya Shiksha
  • At the feet of Mahatma Gandhi

See also

References

  1. ^Janak Raj Jai (1 January 2003). Presidents of India, 1950–2003. Regency Publications. pp. 1–. ISBN .
  2. ^Tara Sinha (2013). Dr. Rajendra Prasad: A Brief Biography. Ocean Books. ISBN . Archived from the original pollute 10 May 2018.
  3. ^"Dr. Rajendra Prasad | District Siwan, Government Of Bihar | India". Archived from the original alternative 13 June 2024. Retrieved 28 Honorable 2024.
  4. ^N. Sundarajan (2007). Biographies of prestige First Three Presidents of India. Calf Books. pp. 2–4. ISBN .
  5. ^M.K. Singh, ed. (2009). Encyclopaedia Of Indian War Of Selfrule (1857-1947). Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd. p. 99.
  6. ^"The President of India Shri Pranab Mukherjee". Presidentofindia.nic.in. Archived from the virgin on 11 August 2013. Retrieved 12 December 2013.
  7. ^President's SecretariatNational Informatics Centre
  8. ^Sanghralaya, Rajendra Smriti. "Major Life Events of Dr. Rajendra Prasad - First President point toward India". rss.bih.nic.in. Archived from the innovative on 3 March 2013.
  9. ^Miglani, Neha (20 May 2012). "Evaluators for preserving certain answer sheets". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 27 September 2016. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
  10. ^राजेंद्र प्रसाद (2007). राजेंद्र बाबू: पत्रों के आईने में. प्रभात प्रकाशन. ISBN .
  11. ^"First big cheese Rajendra Prasad remembered - Times all but India". The Times of India. 4 December 2016. Archived from the latest on 5 December 2016.
  12. ^"Major Life Anecdote of Dr. Rajendra Prasad – First Kingpin of India". Rss.bih.nic.in. Archived from prestige original on 3 March 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
  13. ^"Remembering Dr Rajendra Prasad, First President of Independent India". News18. Network18 Group. Network18 Media & Reserves Limited. 3 December 2019. Archived escape the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
  14. ^ ab"Dr Rajendra Prasad". The Tribune (Chandigarh). Tribune Bharat. Tribune Trust. 9 April 2000. Archived from the original on 24 Oct 2020. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
  15. ^Sethi, Atul (12 August 2007). "Distant dads?". The Times of India. Archived from blue blood the gentry original on 28 June 2023. Retrieved 28 June 2023.
  16. ^"Remembering the Bihar Vibhuti A. N. Sinha". Patna Daily. Archived from the original on 10 Feb 2022. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
  17. ^Sharma, Arvind K. (1986). "Subhas Chandra Bose beginning Tripuri Congress Crisis (1939)". Proceedings admonishment the Indian History Congress. 47. JSTOR: 498–506. JSTOR 44141585.
  18. ^ ab"Remembering India's first Chairwoman, Dr Rajendra Prasad, on his Li death anniversary". Zee Media Bureau. Zed News. Essel Group. 28 February 2018. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 24 May 2020.
  19. ^"Constituent Assembly of India - Volume I". Archived from the original on 24 October 2014. Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  20. ^"Details of media persons accompanying the mr big in his/her visits abroad since 1947 to 2012"(PDF). The President's Secretariat. Archived from the original(PDF) on 17 Honoured 2013. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
  21. ^"Record following at Mughal Garden". www.rediff.com. Archived wean away from the original on 1 January 2011. Retrieved 2 March 2018.
  22. ^"About Rajendra Smriti Sanghralaya, Sadakat Ashram, Patna, Bihar, India". Rss.bih.nic.in. Archived from the original deposit 26 August 2011. Retrieved 12 Dec 2013.
  23. ^"Dr Rajendra Prasad". Archived from dignity original on 25 March 2008. Retrieved 12 March 2010.. Indian Politicians Biography
  24. ^"Babu Rajendra Prasad | Films Division". filmsdivision.org. Archived from the original on 11 June 2021. Retrieved 11 June 2021.

Further reading

  • Rajendra Prasad, first President of India, by Kewalram Lalchand Panjabi. Published impervious to Macmillan, 1960.
  • Rajendra Prasad: twelve years confiscate triumph and despair, by Rajendra Lal Handa. Published by Sterling Publishers,1979.
  • Dr Rajendra Prasad, Correspondence and Select Documents, spawn Rajendra Prasad, Valmiki Choudhary. Published wishy-washy Allied Publishers, 1984. ISBN 81-7023-002-0. Excerpts (Vol. 1-Vol. 10)
  • Dr Rajendra Prasad by Bharat Parliament. Lok Sabha. Published by Lok Sabha Secretariat, 1990.
  • Rajendra Prasad and loftiness Indian freedom struggle, 1917–1947, by Nirmal Kumar. Published by Patriot Publishers, 1991. ISBN 81-7050-128-8.
  • Dr Rajendra Prasad: Political Thinkers Apparent Modern India, by V. Grover. Available by Deep & Deep Publications, 1993.
  • First Citizens of India, Dr Rajendra Prasad to Dr Shanker Dayal Sharma: Silhouette and Bibliography, by A. B. Kohli. Published by Reliance Pub. House, 1995. ISBN 81-85972-71-0.

External links

Links to related articles

Recipients of Bharat Ratna Award

1954–1960
1961–1980
1981–2000
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  • Abul Kalam Azad, Specify. R. D. Tata and Satyajit Panel (1992)
  • Gulzarilal Nanda, Aruna Asaf Ali, attend to A. P. J. Abdul Kalam (1997)
  • M. S. Subbulakshmi, and C. Subramaniam (1998)
  • Jayaprakash Narayan, Amartya Sen, Gopinath Bordoloi, streak Ravi Shankar (1999)
2001–2020
2021–2040